How to Convert a One Person Company (OPC) to LLP in India (2025 Guide)

Jul 30, 2025
Private Limited Company vs. Limited Liability Partnerships

As India's entrepreneurial ecosystem evolves, founders now have access to a range of legal business structures tailored to different growth stages and ownership goals. From sole proprietorships and partnerships to private limited companies and, more recently, One Person Companies (OPCs) and Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) are among the most popular. 

While a One-Person Company (OPC) is ideal for solo entrepreneurs starting small, many founders later seek more flexibility, lower compliance, and shared ownership, making a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) an attractive alternative.

If you’re planning to scale or bring in partners, converting your OPC to an LLP could be the right move. This blog walks you through the concept, legal framework, and procedure for converting an OPC to an LLP in India.

Table of Contents

Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)

An LLP is a hybrid business structure that combines the benefits of a company (limited liability) with the flexibility of a partnership. Some key features include:

  • Minimum two partners required
  • Liability of partners is limited to their contribution
  • No minimum capital requirement
  • Fewer compliance requirements than a company
  • Separate legal identity from its partners

One Person Company (OPC)

Introduced under the Companies Act, 2013, an OPC allows a single individual to operate a corporate entity. It offers:

  • Limited liability
  • Separate legal identity
  • Easier fundraising compared to a sole proprietorship
  • Greater credibility in business dealings

However, OPCs face limitations like:

  • Restrictions on fundraising
  • Mandatory conversion if turnover exceeds ₹2 crore or capital exceeds ₹50 lakh
  • Cannot have more than one member

Conversion of OPC to LLP

OPC conversion to LLP is governed by the Companies Act, 2013 and the Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008. While direct provisions for OPC-to-LLP conversion are not explicitly provided, companies (including OPCs) can be converted into LLPs under Section 366 of the Companies Act and the Second Schedule of the LLP Act.

Understanding the Legal Provisions for Conversion of OPC to LLP

The legal path for converting an OPC to an LLP involves:

  • Section 366 of the Companies Act, 2013 (deals with companies being converted into LLPs)
  • Second Schedule of the LLP Act, 2008 (provides the procedure for such conversions)
  • Form FiLLiP and Form 18 under the LLP Rules, 2009

Note: Prior approval from the Registrar of Companies (ROC) is mandatory.

Related Read: ROC Compliance Calendar for 2025–2026

Eligibility Conditions and Compliance Steps for Conversion

To be eligible for conversion:

  • Before conversion, the OPC must have at least two shareholders (LLPs require a minimum of two partners).
  • No active defaults in filing annual returns, income tax, or other statutory dues.
  • All secured creditors (if any) must give their consent.
  • The company should not have applied for winding up or struck-off status.

Compliance steps include:

  1. Holding a Board Meeting and passing a resolution for conversion
  2. Increasing the number of members/directors to meet LLP requirements
  3. Obtaining name approval through RUN–LLP or FiLLiP form
  4. Filing Form FiLLiP and Form 18 with ROC
  5. Executing an LLP Agreement within 30 days of incorporation

Looking to switch from OPC to LLP? Get professional help for a smooth and compliant business conversion with Razorpay Rize's LLP Registration Service.

Documents Furnished along with Form 18

Form 18 is the declaration for conversion and must be supported with:

  • Board resolution for conversion
  • Consent of all shareholders
  • Statement of assets and liabilities certified by a CA
  • List of creditors and their consent
  • Latest income tax return acknowledgement
  • Copy of PAN card and Aadhaar of all proposed partners
  • Address proof of the registered office of the LLP
  • NOC from the property owner (if rented office)

Procedure for Conversion of OPC to LLP

Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

  1. Board Resolution: Approve the conversion plan and authorise directors to file the necessary forms.

  2. Increase Number of Members: Since an LLP requires at least two partners, the OPC must first induct another shareholder.

  3. DIN & DSC: Ensure all partners have a Director Identification Number (DIN) and Digital Signature Certificate (DSC).

  4. Name Approval: Apply for name reservation using RUN–LLP or through FiLLiP.

  5. Form FiLLiP Filing: File FiLLiP with ROC for incorporating the LLP.

  6. Attach Form 18: While filing FiLLiP, attach Form 18 with the required documents.

  7. Certificate of Incorporation: On approval, the ROC will issue a Certificate of Incorporation for the LLP.

  8. Execute LLP Agreement: Draft and file the LLP Agreement within 30 days.

  9. Apply for PAN, TAN & GST: Update statutory registrations with new LLP details.

  10. Close OPC Bank Account & Update Records: Close existing bank accounts of OPC and update stakeholders.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

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  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

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BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

Why convert an OPC into an LLP?

Converting to an LLP offers greater flexibility, allows multiple partners, reduces compliance burden, and enables easier capital infusion, making it suitable for scaling beyond a single founder.

Is it mandatory to get creditor consent for conversion?

Yes. Obtaining written consent from creditors is required, as their rights could be affected during the conversion process.

Can an OPC with outstanding debts be converted into an LLP?

Yes, but all creditors must be informed, and their no-objection certificates (NOCs) must be secured. The LLP will assume all debts and liabilities of the OPC post-conversion.

Will the new LLP retain the OPC’s assets and liabilities?

Yes. Upon conversion, all assets, liabilities, obligations, and agreements of the OPC automatically vest in the LLP.

Do tax implications arise during conversion?

If the conversion meets certain conditions under the Income Tax Act (e.g., continuity of business and ownership), it can be tax-neutral. Otherwise, capital gains tax or other liabilities may apply. It’s advisable to consult a tax expert.

Mukesh Goyal

Mukesh Goyal is a startup enthusiast and problem-solver, currently leading the Rize Company Registration Charter at Razorpay, where he’s helping simplify the way early-stage founders start and scale their businesses. With a deep understanding of the regulatory and operational hurdles that startups face, Mukesh is at the forefront of building founder-first experiences within India’s growing startup ecosystem.

An alumnus of FMS Delhi, Mukesh cracked CAT 2016 with a perfect 100 percentile- a milestone that opened new doors and laid the foundation for a career rooted in impact, scale, and community.

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Related Posts

Registering a Freelance Business in India: What You Need to Know

Registering a Freelance Business in India: What You Need to Know

The freedom to work on your own terms, choose your clients, and chart your career path makes freelancing an attractive option for many Indians today. With the rise of the digital economy, more professionals are ditching traditional jobs in favour of independent work.

Along with flexibility and autonomy comes the responsibility of understanding the legal, tax, and business aspects of freelancing in India. Many beginners wonder:

  • Do I need to register as a freelancer?
  • What about taxes and GST?
  • How do I protect myself legally with clients?

We’ll simplify everything you need to know, from why freelancing is worth considering to taxes, contracts, and registration requirements, so you can confidently start your freelance journey.

Table of Contents

Why Start Your Own Freelancing Business in India?

Freelancing is much more than just escaping the 9-to-5 grind. It’s a path to professional freedom and personal growth. Here’s why many choose to start their freelance business in India:

  • Independence: You control your schedule, projects, and clients.
  • Earning Potential: With the right skills, you can earn more than a fixed salary, often in foreign currency.
  • Learning Curve: Freelancing pushes you to learn business skills, client management, negotiation, and personal branding that regular jobs may not offer.
  • Creative Freedom: You get to work on diverse projects across industries, honing your skills and building a versatile portfolio.
  • Work-Life Balance: Freelancers often have more flexibility to balance personal and professional commitments.

If you value autonomy and are willing to take charge of your career, freelancing can be a rewarding and liberating choice.

Turn your freelance hustle into a registered business—get started with expert-led Company registration today.

What Are the Benefits of Freelancing in India?

Freelancing in India comes with tangible benefits that extend beyond financial gains:

1. Flexibility and Remote Work

Work from anywhere, anytime. Freelancers aren’t tied to office spaces or strict schedules, making it easier to balance other life priorities.

2. Access to Global Clients

With platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, LinkedIn, and direct outreach, Indian freelancers have access to clients worldwide and often earn in USD, EUR, or GBP.

3. Diverse Projects and Skill Growth

You can work on multiple projects across different industries, which accelerates skill development and keeps work exciting.

4. Building a Personal Brand and Network

Freelancing pushes you to market yourself, opening doors to collaborations, partnerships, and a professional network that can lead to bigger opportunities.

5. Control Over Earnings

Unlike fixed salaries, freelancing income has the potential to grow as your skills, client base, and rates increase.

Freelancer’s Tax in India

As a freelancer, you’re considered a self-employed professional under Indian tax laws. Here’s what you need to know about taxes:

GST for Freelancers

If your annual turnover exceeds ₹20 lakh (₹10 lakh for Northeastern states), GST registration is mandatory under the GST Act. GST applies at 18% for most professional services, but you can claim Input Tax Credit on business-related expenses.

Freelance Income Tax

Freelancers are taxed under the “Profits and Gains from Business or Profession” head. You are subject to regular income tax slabs applicable to individuals.

Feature Description
Shared Objectives Both aim to achieve mutual business goals.
Resource Pooling Involves combining assets, expertise, or capital.
Contract-Based Governed by agreements that outline roles, rights, and responsibilities.
Profit Sharing Both involve sharing profits, though the ratio may differ.
Collaborative Decision-Making Decisions are made collectively or as per agreed terms.
Risk Sharing Losses and liabilities are often shared based on contribution or agreement.

Freelance Contract

A written agreement between a freelancer and a client that clearly outlines the scope of work, payment terms, deadlines, and other important conditions of the project. It helps protect both parties by setting clear expectations and serves as a legal safeguard in case of disputes.

Key Clauses to Include in a Freelance Contract:

  1. Scope of Work: Define the exact services you will provide. Include deliverables, timelines, and expectations.

  2. Payment Terms: Payment amount, mode, currency, and schedule. Specify advance payments, milestones, and late fees.

  3. Confidentiality Clause: Protect sensitive client information and intellectual property rights.

  4. Termination Clause: Define under what circumstances either party can terminate the contract.

  5. Revision & Change Requests: Set clear terms for additional work or revisions.

  6. Dispute Resolution: Choose a method for resolving disagreements (e.g., mediation, arbitration).

  7. Jurisdiction Clause: State the legal jurisdiction under which the contract will be governed (Indian Contract Act, 1872).

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

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Register your Limited Liability Partnership in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

Do freelancers pay tax in India?

Yes, they do. Freelancers in India are taxed just like any other self-employed individual. Your freelance income is treated as “Profits and Gains from Business or Profession” under the Income Tax Act, and you need to pay tax based on your total annual income.

Do freelancers need to file an ITR?

Yes, if your total income exceeds ₹2.5 lakhs in a financial year (₹3 lakhs if you're above 60), filing an Income Tax Return (ITR) is mandatory. Most freelancers use ITR-3 or ITR-4 (under the Presumptive Taxation Scheme), depending on their income and the nature of their business.

What is the TDS rate for freelancers?

If a client pays you more than ₹30,000 in a financial year, they’re usually required to deduct 10% TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) under Section 194J before making the payment. This amount gets credited to your PAN, and you can adjust it while filing your ITR.

Do freelancers need to pay both GST and income tax?

It depends.

  • Income Tax is always applicable if your annual income crosses the basic exemption limit.

GST (Goods and Services Tax) is required only if your annual turnover exceeds ₹20 lakhs (₹10 lakhs for special category states) or if you work with clients outside India (export of services), in which case registration is often recommended, even if optional.

Sarthak Goyal

Sarthak Goyal is a Chartered Accountant with 10+ years of experience in business process consulting, internal audits, risk management, and Virtual CFO services. He cleared his CA at 21, began his career in a PSU, and went on to establish a successful ₹8 Cr+ e-commerce venture.

He has since advised ₹200–1000 Cr+ companies on streamlining operations, setting up audit frameworks, and financial monitoring. A community builder for finance professionals and an amateur writer, Sarthak blends deep finance expertise with an entrepreneurial spirit and a passion for continuous learning.

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Authorized vs Paid Up Capital: Expert Guide to Company Registration [2025]

Authorized vs Paid Up Capital: Expert Guide to Company Registration [2025]

Starting a company in India has never been easier. You can begin with just ₹1,000 as paid-up capital. The Companies Amendment Act, 2015 eliminated the minimum capital requirement, making business ownership more available to everyone.

The difference between authorized and paid-up capital is vital to understand during company registration. Your authorized capital sets the maximum share capital limit for company issuance (like ₹10,00,000). The paid-up capital shows what shareholders have actually invested (say ₹1,00,000). This is a big deal as it means that your compliance needs, registration fees, and financial flexibility depend on these numbers.

Your paid-up capital must stay within the authorized capital limit - this creates a compliance boundary every business owner needs to follow. The authorized capital can increase through proper legal procedures, giving your business room to grow with future funding needs.

This piece will help you understand everything about authorized versus paid-up capital. You'll learn to pick the right amounts for your venture and create smart strategies to optimize your company's capital structure while keeping registration costs low.

Table of Contents

Understanding Company Capital Structure in 2025

Authorized capital is the maximum amount of share capital that a company is authorized to issue, while Paid-Up Capital is the actual amount of share capital issued and paid for by shareholders.

A company's capital structure forms the bedrock of its financial framework. This structure shows how a business funds its operations by mixing equity and debt to create a roadmap for growth and stability.

What is authorized capital and how is it defined in MOA?

Authorized capital (also called nominal or registered capital) sets the maximum share capital a company can legally issue to shareholders. The company's Memorandum of Association (MOA) clearly defines this limit under the Capital Clause.

This capital acts as a regulatory boundary. A private limited company with an authorized capital of ₹10 lakh can't issue more shares beyond this amount unless it changes its MOA. The company needs shareholder approval for this change and must file it with the Registrar of Companies within thirty days.

Paid-up capital meaning and its role in equity funding

Paid-up capital is the actual money shareholders give to a company when they buy shares. Unlike authorized capital, this represents real money in the company's accounts that it can use for business operations.

The 2015 Companies Act amendment removed the minimum paid-up capital requirement. Now entrepreneurs can start with just ₹5,000. This money proves valuable because you don't need to pay it back like a loan. The paid-up capital also shows the company's financial health, how much it relies on equity, and its loan repayment capacity.

Why capital structure matters during company registration

A well-laid-out capital structure shapes a new company's operations and growth potential. Your company's capital structure during registration affects:

  1. Financial flexibility - A smart capital structure lets you raise future funds without changing legal documents often.
  2. Risk assessment - Investors and lenders look at your capital structure to check financial stability.
  3. Registration costs - Your authorized capital amount decides the registration fees and stamp duty.

Companies should balance their original capital structure based on what their industry needs, how they plan to grow, and where they can get funding.

Authorized Capital vs Paid-Up Capital: Key Differences

Understanding the distinction between authorized capital and paid-up capital is fundamental to grasping a company's capital structure. This knowledge is crucial for effective corporate governance, regulatory compliance, and financial planning.

Legal Definitions and Compliance Framework

  • Authorized Capital is the maximum share capital a company is legally permitted to issue, as specified in its Memorandum of Association (MoA). This acts as a ceiling, ensuring that the company cannot issue shares beyond this limit without amending its foundational documents.
  • Paid-Up Capital is the actual amount of money received from shareholders in exchange for shares issued. By law, paid-up capital must always be less than or equal to authorized capital.

Impact on Share Issuance and Fundraising

  • Authorized capital represents the company’s potential for raising funds, setting the upper boundary for share issuance. It provides flexibility for future fundraising and expansion without the need for immediate regulatory changes.
  • Paid-up capital reflects the real investment made by shareholders and is the actual capital available for business operations. It is recorded in the company’s financial statements and directly impacts the company’s financial strength and investor confidence.

When a company reaches its authorized capital limit with paid-up capital, it faces two choices:

  • Increase authorized capital through a formal amendment to the MoA, requiring shareholder approval and regulatory filings.
  • Facilitate share transfers among existing and new shareholders, without increasing the total capital.

Capital Flexibility: Changes and Procedures

  • Authorized Capital: Can be increased or decreased by amending the MoA, which involves:
    • Reviewing the Articles of Association (AoA) for relevant provisions.
    • Passing a board resolution to convene a shareholders' meeting.
    • Obtaining shareholder approval via an ordinary or special resolution.
    • Filing statutory forms (such as eForm SH-7 and eForm MGT-14) with the Registrar of Companies within the prescribed timeframe.
  • Paid-Up Capital: Changes only when the company issues new shares or when existing shares are fully paid up. This directly affects the company’s liability for dividends and its operational capital.

Comparative Table: Authorized Capital vs Paid-Up Capital

Parameter Authorized Capital Paid-Up Capital
Definition Maximum capital allowed to be issued by the company Actual capital received from shareholders
Legal Reference Stated in MoA Reflected in financial statements
Purpose Sets fundraising potential and regulatory ceiling Represents real funds for business operations
Change Process Requires shareholder approval and legal filings Changes with issue and payment of new shares
Impact on Company Indicates growth capacity and future fundraising ability Shows current financial strength and equity base
Regulatory Role Determines ROC/government fees and compliance boundaries Used for daily operations and shareholder liability
Net Worth Does not determine net worth Forms part of the company's net worth

How to Decide Capital Amounts for New Companies

You need a well-laid-out approach to calculate the right capital amounts for your new company. This helps balance your current needs with future growth. Here's how you can break this down into four practical steps:

Step 1: Estimate operational and contingency needs

Start with a financing plan that shows your startup costs. Your plan should cover equipment purchases, premises costs, inventory, and working capital needs for your first 6-12 months. You'll need enough buffer money to handle unexpected expenses that could disrupt your operations. Capital projects always face uncertainties, so you should set aside a contingency fund—about 30% of your total estimated needs—to maintain financial stability. This fund serves as your safety net against future uncertainties.

Step 2: Set authorized capital for future scalability

After you figure out your requirements, you should set your authorized capital at 5-10 times your original paid-up capital. This gives you room to raise funds later without changing your MOA. To cite an instance, see how a ₹2 lakh immediate paid-up capital works better with ₹10-20 lakh authorized capital to create flexibility. Keep in mind that authorized capital sets your fundraising limit but doesn't represent actual money you can use.

Step 3: Determine paid-up capital based on shareholder commitment

Your shareholders' realistic contribution becomes your paid-up capital—the actual money invested in your company. Most startups work well with paid-up capital between ₹1 lakh and ₹5 lakh, based on what their industry needs. The final amount should match both your immediate operational needs and your shareholders' risk appetite.

Step 4: Consider ROC fees and stamp duty implications

The regulatory costs change with different capital amounts. ROC filing fees increase as your authorized capital grows—from ₹4,000 for capital under ₹1 lakh to ₹1,56,000 plus extra fees when capital exceeds ₹1 crore. The stamp duty (usually 0.15% of authorized capital) applies when you register or increase capital. A 2021 Supreme Court ruling made this duty a one-time payment with a maximum cap, whatever the future capital increases might be.

Case Study: Capital Planning for ABC Pvt Ltd

Let's get into how ABC Pvt Ltd planned its capital structure to balance current costs with future growth needs.

Original capital structure: ₹10 lakh authorized, ₹1 lakh paid-up

ABC Pvt Ltd set up its capital framework with ₹10 lakh authorized capital against ₹1 lakh paid-up capital. The company followed the post-2015 Companies Act amendment that removed the minimum paid-up capital requirement. This 10:1 ratio creates a perfect balance. It gives enough operational funds through actual investment while leaving room for future growth without needing regulatory changes.

ROC fee effects based on capital tiers

The company thought about how fees work at different capital levels. ABC Pvt Ltd kept its authorized capital at ₹10 lakh to avoid higher fee brackets. The ROC fee stays around ₹35,000 plus extra charges for authorized capital under ₹10 lakh. The company would pay much more if they go beyond this limit - ₹1,35,000 plus ₹100 per ₹10,000 for capital between ₹50 lakh and ₹1 crore.

Flexibility for future share issuance without MOA change

ABC Pvt Ltd can issue extra shares worth ₹9 lakh without changing its MOA. This difference between authorized and current paid-up capital gives them room to grow. Going beyond the ₹10 lakh mark would need shareholder approval, a board resolution, an extraordinary general meeting, and filing Form SH-7 with the Registrar within thirty days.

Cost-benefit analysis of higher authorized capital

The company's capital planning shows smart financial thinking. The ₹10 lakh authorized capital balances several factors:

Current savings: Lower ROC fees and stamp duty (usually 0.15% of authorized capital) Future flexibility: Room to issue extra shares worth ₹9 lakh without paperwork Credibility advantage: Better stability in the eyes of potential investors and partners

ABC Pvt Ltd shows how smart capital planning helps long-term business goals while keeping initial registration costs low. This matters a lot for new companies with tight budgets.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Register your Private Limited Company in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
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Register your One Person Company in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
rize image

Register your Business starting at just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
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Register your Limited Liability Partnership in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

What is paid up capital with an example?

Shareholders provide paid-up capital to companies in exchange for shares. To cite an instance, XYZ Pvt. Ltd. issues 50,000 shares with a face value of ₹10 each. The paid-up capital would reach ₹5,00,000 when shareholders fully pay for all shares. This money becomes available for company operations and shows up in the balance sheet's equity section.

What is an example of authorized capital?

A corporation might decide to authorize 10,00,000 shares as specified in its Articles of Incorporation, with each share valued at ₹10. The authorized capital would equal ₹1,00,00,000 in this scenario. Companies can't issue more capital than this amount without changing their Memorandum of Association.

What is 1lakh paid up capital?

Shareholders' contribution of ₹1,00,000 to a company creates a paid-up capital of ₹1 lakh. The Companies Act required this amount as minimum paid-up capital for private limited companies before its 2015 amendment. This requirement no longer exists, though companies still need ₹1 lakh authorized capital.

How to calculate authorized capital?

The authorized capital calculation uses this formula: Authorized Capital = Number of Authorized Shares × Par Value per Share

A company with 1 lakh authorized shares at ₹100 face value would have an authorized capital of ₹1 crore.

What is the formula for paid up capital?

This formula determines paid-up capital: Paid-up Capital = Par Value of Shares + Additional Paid-in Capital

The calculation combines nominal value (face value × number of shares) with any premium above par value. A company that issues 100 shares at ₹10 par value but sells them at ₹15 each would have ₹1,500 paid-up capital (₹1,000 par value + ₹500 additional paid-in capital).

Mukesh Goyal

Mukesh Goyal is a startup enthusiast and problem-solver, currently leading the Rize Company Registration Charter at Razorpay, where he’s helping simplify the way early-stage founders start and scale their businesses. With a deep understanding of the regulatory and operational hurdles that startups face, Mukesh is at the forefront of building founder-first experiences within India’s growing startup ecosystem.

An alumnus of FMS Delhi, Mukesh cracked CAT 2016 with a perfect 100 percentile- a milestone that opened new doors and laid the foundation for a career rooted in impact, scale, and community.

Read more
The 100 Rizing Stars of 2025 | Razorpay Rize

The 100 Rizing Stars of 2025 | Razorpay Rize

Celebrating the Top 100 Startups from the Rize Community!

We’re proud to present Rizing Stars 2025- our annual curation of the Top 100 startups shaping the future from within the Rize ecosystem.

This list celebrates the many ways founders are winning today- from funding milestones and Y Combinator selections, to Product Hunt launches, national TV appearances, industry awards, and more. Together, these startups reflect the breadth and depth of the Rize community, spanning fintech, SaaS, AI, consumer, climate, D2C, exporters, and more- united by conviction, momentum, and the ambition to build enduring companies.

The Rizing Stars of 2025

Table of Contents

The 100 Rizing Stars of 2025

Below are the 100 startups recognised as Rizing Stars 2025.

  • Affluense AI: An AI-powered platform that helps businesses discover and engage HNI & UHNI individuals with real-time, 360° profiles.
  • Alchemyst AI: Alchemyst AI is a context engine that provides AI applications with persistent memory, business data, and operational context so agents remain accurate, reliable, and production-ready. It is a standalone context layer that can be integrated into the stack through our APIs, SDKs and MCPs.
  • Amyra Farms: Amyra Farms is a Farm-to-Table company dedicated to growing and processing high-quality Coffee, Pepper, and Vanilla.
  • Ambitio: AI Copilot for Higher Education Abroad. Ambitio's AI platform assists in the complete study abroad journey, right from program selection to crafting your application and getting those dream admits.
  • Amrutam: Amrutam is a global Ayurvedic lifestyle brand on a mission to make Ayurveda accessible, authentic, and contemporary. Rooted in ancient wisdom and backed by modern science, they create holistic solutions for health, wellness, and beauty.
  • Avasar: Avasar is a micro-task platform that helps individuals in Tier 2/3/4 India earn income through simple, smartphone-based tasks like referrals, surveys, promotions & gigs.

  • BabyAmore: Baby Amore is a eCommerce website catering to every baby’s need. Their focus is to sell organic, eco friendly and premium baby products.
  • Bharat Intelligence: Bharat Intelligence is building India’s operating system for agricultural labour. They organise farm labour into trained, verified crews and deliver agricultural work as a managed service
  • Bolna: Bolna is a Voice AI Platform purpose-built for India’s scale, linguistic complexity, and cost sensitivity. They enable enterprises to go live with thousands of concurrent calls in days.
  • Bombay Musk: Bombay Musk is a luxury car perfume brand designed to elevate every drive with premium fragrances that embody sophistication and style.
  • Booon: Booon.in is India’s First fashion-forward platform delivering all the style needs in just 2 hours.
  • Broadway: With a vision of a shared economy in retail, Broadway provides a platform of 20,000+ sq ft canvases in prime malls for brands to paint their stories, captivate consumers through unique narratives and in-person engagements to establish trust and induce trials.

  • Calquity: CalQuity is building the future of equity research with an AI-powered platform that unifies filings, earnings calls, and news into a single intelligent interface.
  • Cashvisory: Cashvisory empowers first-time investors with expert-backed strategies and simplified tools, making wealth-building accessible to everyone.
  • CellBell: Cellbell primarily offers ergonomic office and gaming chairs online in India, along with related services like delivery, installation, and warranty support. They focus on providing comfortable and durable seating solutions at affordable prices.
  • Cleevo: With an unique powder-to-liquid technology, Cleevo aim to inspire a new generation of clean and simplify life.
  • Clevrr AI: Clevrr AI is a SaaS platform helping D2C/Consumer brands unify data from 50+ omnichannels into a single source of truth with an AI Agent on top of it.
  • CodeAnt: CodeAnt AI is the Code Health platform built for the AI era. They bring AI Code Review, Code Security, Code Quality, and Engineering Metrics into one unified platform.
  • Cogniti: Cognitii is a mobile first, AI powered ecosystem that helps schools detect learning needs early, personalise support for children with developmental and learning disabilities, and reduce educator workload.
  • Courtyard Farms: Courtyard Farms delivers 100% natural, fresh goat milk and dairy products directly from farm to doorstep, promoting healthier, preservative-free nutrition.
  • Crustdata: Crustdata is an AI-powered people and Company Search tool for sales, recruitment and investment with the freshest, most trusted data.

  • DaanVeda: DaanVeda is an AI-driven fundraising intelligence platform, empowering nonprofits to raise more funds efficiently. They offer a unified solution addressing key challenges in the fundraising landscape.
  • depX: depX is an AI Ecosystem for DevOps. Deploy, manage and monitor your entire cloud infrastructure with as few as two lines in English. depX offers a no-code, ChatGPT-like interface for DevOps and Cloud engineers.
  • Dodo Payments: Dodo Payments is a global Payments & Billing platform helping SaaS and AI-native businesses scale across 150+ countries.
  • Dressfolk: Dressfolk is on a mission to modernise timeless Indian weaves. They design and co-produce all garments with the artisan community from scratch.
  • Dropon Delivery: Dropon is an emerging startup in eco-friendly, tech-driven logistics, transforming on-demand delivery with AI-powered optimisation and green mobility.

  • Earth Story Farm: Earth Story Farm grows, make and source chemical-free products, preserving the goodness, freshness and locking their complexity of flavours.
  • Earthful: Shark Tank-approved Earthful was founded in 2020 by sisters and IIT Kharagpur alumnae Veda Gogineni and Sai Sudha G. They are on a mission to tackle undernutrition in India with clean, plant-based nutrition. Earthful offers 100% natural supplements- free from additives and backed by science.
  • Eternz: Eternz is a new-age jewellery and watch marketplace redefining how India discovers and experiences fine craftsmanship. With a deep love for design and detail, they bring together curated collections from India’s finest brands as well as exquisite international names.

  • Findr: Findr is an AI workspace that lets you instantly capture, delightfully organise, and chat with anything you've saved. This includes PDFs, videos, articles, links, emails, information inside apps, and more.
  • Fixit: Fixit is an AI-powered junior broker, an agentic sales assistant built for real estate sales who don’t have time to chase dead leads. It qualifies, nurtures, and follows up with every prospect.
  • Foramour: Foramour offers 18k gold plated jewellery brand that makes gifting effortless yet thoughtful.
  • Frelo: Frelo is an AI based platform for Indian startups seeking top-tier freelancers in Tech, Design and Content. They simplify the hiring process by streamlining the posting of requirements, freelancer selection, and payments.
  • Fuell: Fuell provides clean, bite-sized snacks, made from just dry fruits and nuts, with no added sugar or preservatives.
  • Future AGI: Designed for the modern era of Generative AI, Future AGI provides intuitive tools for fine-tuning prompts, LLM experimentation, evaluating models, annotating data or optimising performance, making complex AI workflows seamless and efficient.

  • Get Your Lawyers: Get Your Lawyers is a cutting-edge AI-powered SaaS platform designed for legal professionals, providing an all-in-one solution for end-to-end legal practice management.
  • GetWebsite.Report: A complete webpage audit tool to get personalised insights & AI-powered actionable fixes to improve design, usability, user experience & SEO on all devices to maximise conversion.
  • Gud Gum: Gud Gum is India's first plastic-free, all-natural & biodegradable chewing gum. Free from all artificial sweeteners, flavours & colours.
  • Guestara: Guestara is an AI Guest Management Platform designed to meet the needs of hospitality professionals worldwide.

  • Heizen: Heizen is building an ecosystem to build, deploy, and manage fully functional enterprise-grade AI Apps.

  • Indian Hemp Store: Indian Hemp Store is India's 1st Hybrid Hemp Marketplace.
  • Indiehaat: IndieHaat was started with a vision and direction to surface the beautiful hidden treasures of the magnificent world of handmade products.
  • Ivory: Ivory transforms the ageing experience by nurturing sharper minds and healthier living. They help in the early detection of neurodegenerative risks and provide personalised brain health solutions.

  • Jumkey: Jumkey introduces safer materials for the environment which are skin friendly, sustainable and meets International quality standards.

  • Kaftanize: Kaftanize is a popular clothing line with fashion-conscious ladies.Their clothing is crafted from premium fabrics with an emphasis on simple shapes and understated elegance.
  • Komplai: Komplai is an AI-powered solution that helps businesses manage their financial accounts and all regulatory filings.
  • Kreo: Kreo is a consumer electronics brand they enable content creators & gamers to elevate their passion beyond limits by providing them with premium products.

  • Lamhenow: Lamhenow is a sustainable gifting solutions company. They are creating products which will be long-term and timeless, keeping in mind the creativity.
  • Lawberry: Lawberry is a pioneering legal tech platform that combines AI intelligence with legal expertise. The primary features include AI-powered research, drafting, and summarisation tools, alongside robust case management features.
  • Layerpath: Layerpath's Path AI turns the website into a live product conversation. It answers questions, shows the right demo, and books meetings- so your team only talks to ready buyers.

  • Magic Decor: Magic Decor has a curator-driven method to customise wall murals and wall decorative items. Their core is driven by on-demand production and an enhanced manufacturing process driven by automation.
  • Magicroll: Magicroll.ai is an AI-powered video editing and creation platform that helps creators, brands, and businesses turn raw footage into polished, engaging videos in minutes.
  • Medial: Medial is the next-gen professional social media platform from India to the world.
  • MeetMinutes: With support for 30+ languages, including unique mixed languages, seamless integration with popular tools and CRMs, and a focus on capturing key insights and action items, MeetMinutes is an indispensable partner in achieving meeting excellence.
  • Mohi Fashion: Mohi Fashion is a curated multi-designer Indian ethnic wear marketplace sourcing from authentic sellers across India for special occasions, weddings.
  • Mugafi: Mugafi is a next-gen entertainment powerhouse combining Tech, AI, storytelling, and cultural depth to build original cinematic universes.
  • Mumchies: Mumchies offers wholesome traditional-meets-contemporary sweets, savouries & millet delights made with premium ingredients for healthy, delicious snacking.
  • My Thrift Baby Loot: My Thrift Baby Loot is an easy platform where Parents can declutter by selling the things that their babies have outgrown to other parents who can buy the essentials at a lot lower than market price, save their money and save the planet in the process too.

  • Nesta Toys: Nesta Toys offer simple & open-ended play where the child drives the playtime. The toys are designed to encourage kids to see new possibilities and spur their imaginations.
  • Niyantha: Niyantha is building the Vehicle Cloud and AI Platform for transportation, agriculture and seafood supply chains.
  • Nuvie: Nuvie is redefining healthy eating by creating food products that make wellness both enjoyable and accessible.

  • OhNuts: Oh! Nuts is a health-focused snack brand from India that’s reinventing how people think about munching- with chips made from real nuts that are crispy and flavourful

  • Pinq Polka: Pinq Polka provides high-quality products that address both women’s hygiene and fashion needs, helping them navigate each day with assurance and poise.
  • Pipeshift: Pipeshift is a fast, scalable, and production-ready orchestration platform to build with open-source AI- embeddings, vector databases, LLMs, vision models, and audio models- in any cloud or on-prem.
  • Praylady: Praylady has gained a niche through its state-of-the-art manufacturing technology, and for producing unparalleled cookware that rings a bell in every kitchen in town.
  • Pype AI: Pype AI delivers ready-to-deploy, speciality-trained voice agents for healthcare. They automate critical patient interactions- scheduling, follow-ups, treatment prep, and 24/7 support- helping hospitals go live in days.

  • Quash: Quash is a SaaS tool that helps companies streamline and speed up their software testing process. It helps testers report bugs quickly, and assists developers in resolving them.
  • QuicReach: QuicReach offers pre-scheduled shared cabs tailored for solo travellers. Their solution combines the affordability of public transport with the comfort of personal cabs, providing a unique and much-needed alternative for long-distance travel.

  • Ressl AI: Ressl AI is building the future of Salesforce implementation and operations, powered by AI agents. They partner with fast-growing companies to scale their Salesforce orgs without scaling headcount.
  • Ruskle: Ruskle is a modern Indian snack brand reinventing the traditional rusk with baked, flavour-rich, no-maida varieties like Butter Garlic, Blueberry, Green Chutney, and more for guilt-free tea-time snacking.
  • Rustic Art: Rustic Art is an organic and natural personal and home care brand that believes in sustainable manufacturing and a sustainable lifestyle. All the products are cruelty-free & vegan.

  • SaveSage: SaveSage simplifies a user's credit card journey by helping them choose the best card based on their spending habits.
  • Scoutflo: Scoutflo is on a mission to make Infrastructure management self-serve for developers.
  • Shram: An AI-powered to-do list that automatically captures tasks from the screen and voice, so work manages itself.
  • Silver talkies: Silver Talkies is a pioneering social enterprise on a mission since 2014 to make healthy and active ageing a desirable and viable goal for older adults.
  • SimplAI: SimplAI is a full-stack Agentic AI Operating System built for enterprises that need to move beyond isolated LLM experiments and deploy AI that actually runs production workflows.
  • Skillsync: Skillsync is a search platform to find engineers & scientists based on their code / research. They are on a mission to organise the world's talent.
  • Sprentzo: Sprentzo is an innovative sports platform with a mission to make sports more accessible, affordable, and community-driven across India.
  • Stimuler: Stimuler is building audio-AI to help the global population speak (English) better! Their advanced AI engines listen, provide detailed feedback on the essential speech metrics & then provides guided practice for improvement!
  • Stumbll: Stumbll Events is an AI-powered event planning and management platform designed to simplify organising mid-sized gatherings (25-100 attendees).
  • Sunfox: Sunfox Technologies is at the forefront of cardiac healthcare innovation, transforming lives with their flagship product, Spandan.
  • Supaboard: Supaboard is an AI analytics platform transforming scattered data into actionable insights without requiring a data team.
  • SuperErgo: SuperErgo is a work-tech brand revolutionising the modern workspace with ergonomically designed furniture and accessories.
  • Swastya Organic farms (Lokkanahalli): Pure, chemical-free organic foods & wellness products crafted with traditional farming and women-led care for healthy living.
  • Swizzle: Swizzle offers refreshing ready-to-drink mocktails that bring clean, premium taste to every sip- perfect for modern, health-conscious drinkers.

  • Tagda Raho:  Tagda Raho is reviving India’s traditional strength training with handcrafted gada, mudgar and functional workouts for modern fitness.
  • Theater Apparel: Theater is a dynamic and rapidly growing fashion startup based in India. Their mission is to create India's best design-led, mass-premium western fashion company.
  • Trackk: Trackk is a New-Gen trading platform, designed for speed, precision, and simplicity. From faster trading to insightful analytics, they're reimagining how the new generation connects with wealth and opportunities.
  • Trupeer AI: Trupeer AI is the AI video platform for the end-to-end software lifecycle.
  • Twiddles: Twiddles brings indulgence without guilt. Co-founded by cricketing legend Yuvraj Singh, they create delicious, nut-based spreads and snackable bites that combine rich flavours with healthy ingredients.

  • Unjob.ai: Unjob. ai is the world’s first AI-powered freelance platform that helps brands hire talent instantly, without job posts, interviews, or endless browsing.
  • Urban Animal: India's 1st dog DNA test to understand a dog's genetic makeup to provide smarter care!

  • Vaani AI: Vaani research is building the next generation of human-like Voice AI systems that can handle & automate complex, longer conversations with unmatched accuracy and empathy.
  • Veltos AI: Veltos AI is a next-gen game generation platform that empowers anyone to create, play, and share games with the power of AI.
  • VideoSDK: VideoSDK is providing end-to-end solutions in real-time communication technology. They started with mission is to help developers build interactive and immersive live video experiences.
  • Vyom: Vyom is building the platform to power the future of autonomous robots and drones. They are creating a software-defined ecosystem to empower the robotics industry with unmatched adaptability, flexibility, and scalability.

  • Yuji Labs: Yuji Labs is building industrial intelligence grounded in physics, engineering, and real operational experience.
  • Zillout: Zillout is an AI-powered system running the world's most loved venues & experiences.
  • Zivy: Zivy tracks conversations across all the Slack channels and brings critical messages to the surface.

The Rizing Stars of 2025 are a reflection of the everyday realities of building a startup. The late nights, the pivots, the first yes, the many no’s, and the quiet milestones that don’t always make headlines. These 100 startups represent founders who kept showing up, learning from each other, and moving forward with conviction.

And as more founders join the Rize community, this list will continue to grow- bringing new stories, new breakthroughs, and new journeys into focus. Today, we celebrate 100. Tomorrow, there will be many more and we’re excited to build that future together!

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